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Air permeable bricks are key equipment in the converter blowing process. There are many types, among which the split-type air permeable brick includes two parts: the air permeable core and the base brick. From its development, in order to protect the core air supply components, manufacturers generally equip it with a base brick, and there may be other components, such as cushion bricks. The construction of the air supply component air permeable brick refers to the construction of this set of combined bricks, including the air permeable core and base brick, etc., on the furnace bottom. The service life of the air permeable brick is related to its own structural characteristics, bottom blowing pressure, material composition, operation process, etc., as well as its construction quality. (Figure) In the actual production of steelmaking plants, due to the use of air permeable cores, the surrounding refractory...
Methods to improve the lifespan of permeable bricks
As a refractory material, permeable bricks play a vital role in the steelmaking process. With increased use, the wear and tear on permeable bricks becomes increasingly severe. Therefore, extending the service life of permeable bricks can, to a certain extent, increase steel production. The main methods include asymmetric bottom blowing, replacing the permeable core, controlling reasonable bottom blowing parameters, and maintenance. (Figure) In the asymmetric bottom blowing method using split permeable bricks, two sets of permeable bricks work alternately during production. Generally speaking, when both sets of permeable bricks are fully utilized, the ladle life can be significantly extended. Moreover, the permeable brick's high flow rate is not a problem unless the ladle is exceptionally large.
Factors Affecting the Performance of Argon-Blowing Permeability Bricks in Steel Ladles
The quality of bottom-blown argon permeable bricks in steel ladles is crucial for steelmakers. During use, unfavorable factors should be avoided or addressed. Factors affecting the effectiveness of bottom-blown argon permeable bricks include steel penetration of the permeable brick working surface, blockage of permeable bricks (slit type) by slag, material changes, fluctuations in gas source pressure, and long ladle downtime. Permeable bricks operate under harsh conditions. In large ladles, the hydrostatic pressure of molten steel is high, and the required stirring intensity is also high. Therefore, the key to ensuring gas permeability is that the permeable bricks have strong anti-steel penetration capabilities. In the production practice of steel mills, the working surface of permeable bricks often becomes coated with steel, thus requiring...
Working environment of argon permeable bricks for bottom blowing in steel ladles
In the steelmaking process, the bottom-blowing argon process using porous plugs in the ladle is crucial. The function of the bottom-blowing argon porous plug is to stir the molten steel through bottom-blowing argon gas, allowing the molten steel to circulate and achieve the purpose of adjusting the molten steel composition and removing inclusions. Therefore, the permeability of the ladle porous plug has a significant impact on the secondary refining. If the permeability is poor or insufficient, the molten steel refining process cannot be completed. Conversely, excessive permeability will affect the service life of other refractory materials in the ladle lining.
Construction of overall breathable bricks and water-mouth bricks for steel ladles
The quality of ladle lining directly impacts the service life of the permeable bricks and water-mouth bricks, and may also affect the quality of the finished steel. Before lining, the existing refractory lining of the ladle needs to be removed. Before dismantling, adequate preparation is necessary. Firstly, carefully inspect the thickness of the ladle wall, bottom, water-mouth bricks, and permeable bricks, checking for any large gaps. Before entering the ladle, check the upper part of the ladle for any hanging or loose steel slag and address it accordingly to prevent injury from falling slag during operation.
Several factors affecting the use of steel ladle linings
Refractory materials used for steel ladle linings include porous bricks, water-mouth bricks, magnesia-carbon bricks, castables, etc. In addition to the influence of the ladle lining materials themselves, certain factors during use will accelerate their consumption, leading to a reduction in service life. (Figure) The temperature of the steel ladle pouring molten steel: To be precise, it should be the temperature of the molten steel in the steel ladle. The higher the temperature, the faster the dissolution and corrosion, and the shorter the service life. The steel ladle will go through baking, steel tapping, refining, and continuous casting processes, during which the temperature of the steel ladle fluctuates greatly, causing significant stress on the refractory lining.
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